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双语 | “隐身衣”将成为现实?中国科学院院士展示“隐身术”
发布时间:2024-07-03 15:37:40 | 浏览次数:

10月28日,在“bilibili超级科学晚”活动上,中国科学院院士褚君浩分享了一项令人惊叹的科学发现——利用特殊材料实现“隐身术”。

褚君浩院士请工作人员手持一块面板,起初透过面板还可看到人物的下半身。


而将这块材料旋转90°之后,褚君浩院士的下半身“消失不见了”,但能够清楚地看到人物身后的舞台场景。


褚君浩院士表示:“未来哈利·波特的隐形斗篷将成衣柜里的日常用品。”

In the future, everybody will have a Harry Potter invisibility cloak in the closet, said Chu Junhao, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai on Saturday.

At the Super Science Night held by Bilibili, China's major video-sharing platform, Chu showed how invisibility can be achieved with special technologies and materials.

He asked two staff members to hold a panel in front of him. Initially, the lower part of his body was visible through the panel. After rotating the panel 90 degrees, his lower half disappeared, but the stage behind him could still be clearly seen.

对于这项“隐身术”,网友们十分好奇。想要隐身,究竟需要哪些条件呢?

实际上,实现上述“隐身”效果的材料为柱镜光栅,它由一排排微小的圆柱状凸透镜排列组成,每一个竖直圆柱状凸透镜都能把平行于它的物体缩小变细,使光线能够有规律地折射。当一排圆柱状凸透镜形成光栅,则产生若干个细到被眼睛忽略的成像,视觉上达到“隐身”效果。


The magic was realized by a lenticular grating composed of rows of tiny cylindrical convex lenses, and each vertical cylindrical convex lens can shrink and thin objects parallel to it, so that light can be refracted, according to Chu.

When a row of cylindrical convex lenses forms a grating, several images that are too small to be noticed by the eyes are produced, achieving an invisibility effect.

此外,褚院士介绍,人们还可以利用折射率“隐身”,例如,高硼硅玻璃和甘油的折射率相近,当使用高硼硅玻璃材质的物体在甘油里运动时也可以‘隐身’。褚君浩称,“这其实就是实现‘隐身衣’的原理之一,当你穿上一件衣服,它的面料和空气折射率一致时,就能在日常生活中自如‘隐身’了。”


褚君浩进一步表示,当前对于“隐身”最前沿的探索,不仅能躲避肉眼监测,还能躲避红外监测。随着现代探测手段的日益多样化,针对单一光谱,如可见光、红外光等,或者针对单一类型的探测器,如雷达、激光探测等早已不能满足人们对于“隐身”的需求。“

真正的‘完美隐身’要求对上述探测手段都能躲避,其本质是对任意电磁波的低可探测性。‘超材料’的问世对实现任意电磁波的完美隐身提供了全新的解决方案。它是人造复合材料,通过设计、重组材料的细微结构,改变光、电磁波的常规性质。”褚君浩称。


Chu also showed several other ways to be invisible, such as using two substances with similar refractive indices and a plane mirror to create reflection imaging.

“未来,随着‘隐身’技术和‘超材料’的逐渐成熟,科幻作品里的‘隐身’畅想将逐渐走向现实。”褚君浩称,相信未来还会有更多‘隐身’装备改变我们的生活,比如私密性更好的隐形房间,隐形助听器等。

"Invisibility in science fiction will become reality as invisibility technology and material develop," he said. "More invisibility equipment will change our life, such as invisible rooms that can provide better privacy and invisible hearing-aids."据《新民晚报》报道,褚君浩是红外物理学家、半导体物理和器件专家、中国科学院院士、中国科学院上海技术物理研究所研究员。作为一名热心科普的科学家,面对不同的受众,褚君浩总有办法用深入浅出的语言,描述红外光的神奇。

此前在接受《新民晚报》采访时,褚君浩被问及最看重青年科研工作者身上哪些特质?

他答道,“思维和创新是灵魂。我经常问学生,‘你有什么新的东西加进去?’‘你为这个课题做了什么贡献?’是否善于思考、是否有创新能力、是否能提出问题、是否有新的点子,这些决定他的未来发展空间有多大。我现在也在不断学习新的东西,保持思维的活跃度。”